Which statement regarding permanent ink is incorrect?

The statement that permanent inks are waterproof is incorrect because, while many permanent inks are water-resistant, this does not necessarily mean they are completely waterproof. Water-resistant inks can withstand some exposure to moisture without smudging or running, but they may still be affected by heavy water contact or prolonged exposure.

In contrast, permanent inks are indeed designed to provide long-lasting results and are available in a variety of colors, properties that enhance their utility in calligraphy and other forms of art. Water-resistance contributes to the durability of the ink on paper or other surfaces under typical conditions, allowing for a range of artistic applications without the concern of immediate damage from minor wetness.