What is called the inside area of closed lowercase letters?

The inside area of closed lowercase letters is referred to as the "counter." This term specifically designates the space that is fully enclosed within a letterform, such as the areas inside letters like 'a', 'b', 'd', 'g', and 'o'. Understanding this concept is crucial in calligraphy and typography as it affects the design and aesthetic of letters.

The counter plays an essential role in legibility and visual balance; it impacts how the enclosing shapes of letters interact with negative space. Analyzing how these enclosed areas appear in different fonts can provide insights into the overall style and readability of the typeface.

In contrast to the counter, the body refers to the main part of the letter without specifically highlighting the enclosed space. The stem is the straight vertical or diagonal stroke that forms part of the letter, while ascenders are parts of lowercase letters that extend above the x-height, such as the top of 'b' or 'h'. Thus, the emphasis on the counter is key for a deeper understanding of letter structure in calligraphy.