What does the term "baseline" refer to in calligraphy?

In calligraphy, the term "baseline" specifically refers to the line on which the letter sits. This is an important concept because it serves as the foundation for achieving uniformity and alignment in lettering. The baseline provides a consistent point for all letters, ensuring that they maintain a cohesive appearance across words and sentences.

This alignment is crucial for aesthetic appeal and readability, making it essential for calligraphers to understand how to properly position their letters relative to the baseline. The baseline essentially dictates where the bottoms of the letters will rest, while other elements, such as ascenders and descenders, interact with it by extending above or below this line.