What characterizes a flourish in calligraphy?

A flourish in calligraphy refers to an embellishment that enhances the visual appeal of the lettering, particularly through decorative strokes. This technique is often applied to the open ends of capital letters, adding curves, loops, and swirls that enrich the overall design of the text. Flourishes contribute to the artistic expression of calligraphy, allowing the calligrapher to showcase their creativity and skill through these intricate additions. This practice not only serves an aesthetic function but also helps to create a sense of rhythm and flow in the written piece.

The other options focus on aspects that do not pertain to the ornamental qualities of lettering. Some discuss materials or techniques unrelated to the embellishment of letters. Recognizing this distinction is key to understanding the unique role that flourishes play in the art of calligraphy.