The "waistline" in calligraphy refers to what?

The term "waistline" in calligraphy refers specifically to the horizontal line that indicates where lowercase letters typically reach in height. This line serves as a guide to maintain consistency in the height of lowercase letters, ensuring that their proportions remain harmonious in relation to other letters.

Understanding the waistline is crucial for achieving the overall balance and aesthetics of the writing. It helps calligraphers determine where the body of most lowercase letters, such as 'a', 'e', and 'o', would be positioned in relation to the baseline and cap height.

This consistent practice allows for smoother transitions between letters and improves legibility. By focusing on this fundamental aspect of letter formation, calligraphers can create visually appealing and professionally executed lettering styles.